Utensils Required For Making Hot Bread

The utensils required for the making of hot breads consist of two kinds: those in which the ingredients are prepared and combined to form the mixture and those in which the mixture is to be baked.

UTENSILS FOR PREPARING THE MIXTURE

The utensils required for preparing hot-bread mixtures consist of a bowl of the proper size for mixing; a smaller bowl for beating eggs, provided eggs are to be used; two standard half-pint measuring cups, one for dry ingredients and the other for wet ingredients; a tablespoon, a case knife, and a teaspoon for measuring and mixing; an egg beater and a flour sifter.

UTENSILS FOR BAKING THE MIXTURE

The kind of utensil required for the baking of hot-bread mixtures depends entirely on the nature of the mixture and the recipe that is to be prepared. Muffins require muffin pans. Boston brown breads need cans that have tight-fitting lids; soft ginger bread, nut loaf, and corn cake are baked in loaf pans; baking-powder or beaten biscuits are placed in shallow pans or on oiled sheets; griddle cakes must be baked on griddles; and waffles require waffle irons.

GRIDDLES.--A style of griddle in common use is circular and has a projecting handle, griddles of different shapes and fitted with different handles are to be had. Such utensils are made of numerous materials, but the most satisfactory ones are constructed of steel, iron, soapstone, and aluminum. Steel and iron griddles must be greased before cakes are baked on them so as to prevent the cakes from sticking; for this reason they are less convenient than soapstone and aluminum griddles, which do not require any grease. Tempering may be done by covering the griddle with a quantity of fat, placing it over a flame or in a very hot oven, and then allowing it to heat thoroughly to such a temperature that the fat will burn onto the surface. This same precaution should be observed with new waffle irons and frying pans made of steel or iron if the best results from such utensils are desired.

WAFFLE IRONS.--A waffle iron, consists of two corrugated griddles fastened together with a hinge in such a way that the surfaces nearly touch when the handles are brought together. The waffle iron is intended for a coal range. In order to use it,a stove lid is removed from one of the openings and the waffle iron is set in the opening, which allows the griddle part to be turned. Another type of waffle iron is intended for a gas range. In this type, the griddle part rests on a base that is deep enough to permit it to be turned. In using a waffle iron of either kind, it should be heated while the waffle mixture is being prepared; then it should be thoroughly greased on both sides.